Tuesday 26 February 2013

Computing Skills (Chapters 1-7)



Experiment: 1
Date:
Title: Manipulating a text
Aim: To manipulate a given text

THE TOWN BY THE SEA
            On December 25, 2004, the director was in Port Blair, on his way to New Delhi.  Since he was travelling for official reasons, he had left his family in Malacca.  He spent the night of December 25 in the Haddo circuit house, which stands close to the water.  On the 26th morning he was woken by the shaking of his bed.  He stepped off to find the floor heaving.  As he was running out of the building, his mobile phone rang.  Glancing at the screen, he saw that his wife was calling from Malacca, Car Nicobar.  He cut off the call and ran outside; he would phone back later, he decided once the tremors stopped.
            Along with everyone else he ran to higher ground.  It was not long, however before it occurred to the Director that the Nicobar Islands do not have the high elevations.  They are low-lying islands for the most part.  The director became anxious and dialed home.  He dialed the number again and again: it was either busy or there was no answer.  In the afternoon, he learnt that his 13-year-old son had been found clinging to the roof of the church some 200 meters behind the house.











Experiment: 2
Date:
Title: Aligning text
Aim: To align text

Left Alignment
Blind Snake is a very small, harmless, burrowing, worm-like snake, pink or brown in color, the eyes sunk below smooth, shiny scales.
Right Alignment
Blind Snake is a very small, harmless, burrowing, worm-like snake, pink or brown in color, the eyes sunk below smooth, shiny scales.
Center Alignment
Blind Snake is a very small, harmless, burrowing, worm-like snake, pink or brown in color, the eyes sunk below smooth, shiny scales.
Right Justification
Blind Snake is a very small, harmless, burrowing, worm-like snake, pink or brown in color, the eyes sunk below smooth, shiny scales.









Experiment: 3
Date:
Title: Formatting a text
Aim: To move a block of text

Before
Sand Boa lives on sand over most of Arabia.  It is mostly nocturnal.  It hunts for lizards.
After
Sand Boa lives on sand over most of Arabia.  It hunts for lizards. It is mostly nocturnal

Line spacing: After
The 62nd Republic day was celebrated on 26th January 2010 in the college premises.  Students wrote an essay on the importance of the role of youth.








Experiment: 4
Date:
Title: Creating Tables, bullets
Aim: To create tables in word, border, bullets and numbers

Table
List of Indian States and their capitals
S.NO
STATES
CAPITAL
1
Andhra Pradesh
Hyderabad
2
Arunachal Pradesh
Itanagar
3
Assam
Dispur

Bullets:
v B.C.A
v B.Sc Computer Science
v B.Com (Gen)
v B.Com (Corp.Sec)
v  B.B.A
v  B.sc (Vis.com)
v  B.A (Eng)
v  M.S.W

EXPERIMENT NO: 5 CELL EDITING
DATE
AIM:
EDITING TEXT
BEFORE AFTER
Maths Maths I
Physics Physics I
Language Language I
CUTTING CELLS
BEFORE AFTER
Maths Language
Physics Oracle
Language
Oracle
COPYING CELLS
BEFORE AFTER
Maths Maths 
Physics Physics 
Language Language
Oracle
INSERT CELLS
BEFORE AFTER
January January
February February
March March
May
May
DELETE CELLS
BEFORE AFTER
Father Father
Mother Mother
Children Children
Aunt

EXPERIMENT NO: 6 USING FORMULAE
DATE
FINDING THE SUM 
S. NO STUDENT CIA 1 CIA 2 CIA 3 TOTAL
1 KAMAL 6 8 6 20
2 CHENNU 4 8 5 17
3 SURESH 4 2 9 15
4 GEETHA 8 8 6 22
5 RAMA 6 7 4 17
FINDING THE AVERAGE
S. NO STUDENT CIA 1 CIA 2 CIA 3 AVERAGE
1 KAMAL 6 8 6 6.666666667
2 CHENNU 4 8 5 5.666666667
3 SURESH 4 2 9 5
4 GEETHA 8 8 6 7.333333333
5 RAMA 6 7 4 5.666666667
ARRANGE IN DESCENDING ORDER
S. NO STUDENT CIA 1 CIA 2 CIA 3 MAXIMUM
1 KAMAL 6 8 6 8
2 CHENNU 4 8 5 8
3 SURESH 4 2 9 9
4 GEETHA 8 8 6 8
5 RAMA 6 7 4 7


EXPERIMENT NO: 7 TEXT MANIPULATING
DATE
FINDING THE SUM 
S. NO STUDENT CIA 1 CIA 2 CIA 3 TOTAL
1 KAMAL 6 8 6 20
2 CHENNU 4 8 5 17
3 SURESH 4 2 9 15
4 GEETHA 8 8 6 22
5 RAMA 6 7 4 17
SORTING DATA
BEFORE AFTER
S. NO STUDENT S. NO STUDENT
1 KAMAL 1 CHENNU
2 CHENNU 2 GEETHA
3 SURESH 3 KAMAL
4 GEETHA 4 RAMA
5 RAMA 5 SURESH



Saturday 2 February 2013

Julius Caesar (Act 3, scene 2)


Act III, scenes ii

He was my friend, faithful and just to me.
But Brutus says he was ambitious,
And Brutus is an honourable man.

Summary: Act III, scene ii

Brutus and Cassius enter the Forum with a crowd of plebeians. Cassius exits to speak to another portion of the crowd. Brutus addresses the onstage crowd, assuring them that they may trust in his honor. He did not kill Caesar out of a lack of love for him, he says, but because his love for Rome outweighed his love of a single man. He insists that Caesar was great but ambitious: it was for this reason that he slew him. He feared that the Romans would live as slaves under Caesar’s leadership.
He asks if any disagree with him, and none do. He thus concludes that he has offended no one and asserts that now Caesar’s death has been accounted for, with both his virtues and faults in life given due attention. Antony then enters with Caesar’s body. Brutus explains to the crowd that Antony had no part in the conspiracy but that he will now be part of the new commonwealth. The plebeians cheer Brutus’s apparent kindness, declaring that Brutus should be Caesar. He quiets them and asks them to listen to Antony, who has obtained permission to give a funeral oration. Brutus exits.
Antony ascends to the pulpit while the plebeians discuss what they have heard. They now believe that Caesar was a tyrant and that Brutus did right to kill him. But they wait to hear Antony. He asks the audience to listen, for he has come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. He acknowledges Brutus’s charge that Caesar was ambitious and maintains that Brutus is “an honourable man,” but he says that Caesar was his friend (III.ii.84). He adds that Caesar brought to Rome many captives, whose countrymen had to pay their ransoms, thus filling Rome’s coffers. He asks rhetorically if such accumulation of money for the people constituted ambition. Antony continues that Caesar sympathized with the poor: “When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept” (III.ii.88). He reminds the plebeians of the day when he offered the crown to Caesar three times, and Caesar three times refused. Again, he ponders aloud whether this humility constituted ambition. He claims that he is not trying to disprove Brutus’s words but rather to tell them what he, Antony, knows; he insists that as they all loved Caesar once, they should mourn for him now.
Antony pauses to weep. The plebeians are touched; they remember when Caesar refused the crown and wonder if more ambitious people have not stepped into his place. Antony speaks again, saying that he would gladly stir them to mutiny and rebellion, though he will not harm Brutus or Cassius, for they are—again—honorable men. He then brings out Caesar’s will. The plebeians beg him to read it. Antony says that he should not, for then they would be touched by Caesar’s love for them. They implore him to read it. He replies that he has been speaking too long—he wrongs the honorable men who have let him address the crowd. The plebeians call the conspirators traitors and demand that Antony read the will.
Finally, Antony descends from the pulpit and prepares to read the letter to the people as they stand in a circle around Caesar’s corpse. Looking at the body, Antony points out the wounds that Brutus and Cassius inflicted, reminding the crowd how Caesar loved Brutus, and yet Brutus stabbed him viciously. He tells how Caesar died and blood ran down the steps of the Senate. Then he uncovers the body for all to see. The plebeians weep and become enraged. Antony says that they should not be stirred to mutiny against such “honourable men” (III.ii.148). He protests that he does not intend to steal away their hearts, for he is no orator like Brutus. He proclaims himself a plain man; he speaks only what he knows, he says—he will let Caesar’s wounds speak the rest. If he were Brutus, he claims, he could urge them to rebel, but he is merely Antony.
The people declare that they will mutiny nonetheless. Antony calls to them to let him finish: he has not yet read the will. He now reads that Caesar has bequeathed a sum of money from his personal holdings to every man in Rome. The citizens are struck by this act of generosity and swear to avenge this selfless man’s death. Antony continues reading, revealing Caesar’s plans to make his private parks and gardens available for the people’s pleasure. The plebeians can take no more; they charge off to wreak havoc throughout the city. Antony, alone, wonders what will come of the mischief he has set loose on Rome. Octavius’s servant enters. He reports that Octavius has arrived at Caesar’s house, and also that Brutus and Cassius have been driven from Rome.

The Merchant of Venice (Act 4, Scene 1)


Act IV, scene i, lines 1–163

Summary

. . . [A]ffection,
Mistress of passion, sways it to the mood
Of what it likes or loathes.
. . .
So can I give no reason, nor I will not,
More than a lodged hate and a certain loathing
I bear Antonio, that I follow thus
A losing suit against him. Are you answered?


In Venice, the Court convenes for Antonio’s trial. The duke of Venice greets Antonio and expresses pity for him, calling Shylock an inhuman monster who can summon neither pity nor mercy. Antonio says he knows the duke has done all that he can to lawfully counter Shylock’s malicious intentions, and that since nothing else can be done, Antonio will respond to Shylock’s rage “with a quietness of spirit” (IV.i.11). The duke summons Shylock into the courtroom and addresses him, saying that he believes that Shylock means only to frighten Antonio by extending this drama to the brink of performance. No one, the duke says, believes that Shylock actually means to inflict such a horrible penalty on Antonio, who has already suffered the loss of his ships. Shylock reiterates his intentions and says that should the court deny him his right, the city’s very laws and freedoms will be forfeit. Shylock offers no explanation for his insistence other than to say that certain hatreds, like certain passions, are lodged deep within a person’s heart. Shylock hates Antonio, and for him that is reason enough.
Bassanio, who has arrived from Belmont, attempts to argue with Shylock, but Antonio tells him that his efforts are for naught. Hatred and predation, Antonio suggests, come as naturally to some men as they do to the wolf. Bassanio offers Shylock six thousand ducats, twice the amount of the original loan, but Shylock turns down the offer, saying he would not forfeit his bond for six times that sum. When the duke asks Shylock how he expects to receive mercy when he offers none, Shylock replies that he has no need for mercy, as he has done nothing wrong. Just as the slave-owning Christians of Venice would refuse to set their human property free, Shylock will not relinquish the pound of flesh that belongs to him.
The duke says that he has sent messages to the learned lawyer, Doctor Bellario, asking him to come and decide on the matter. News comes that a messenger has arrived from Bellario, and Salarino runs off to fetch him. Meanwhile, Bassanio tries, without much success, to cheer up the despairing Antonio. Nerissa enters, disguised as a lawyer’s clerk, and gives the duke a letter from Bellario. Shylock whets his knife, anticipating a judgment in his favor, and Gratiano accuses him of having the soul of a wolf. Shylock ignores these slurs and states resolutely, “I stand here for law” (IV.i.141). The duke alludes to the fact that Bellario’s letter mentions a learned young lawyer named Balthasar, and orders the disguised Nerissa to admit the young man to the court. The duke then reads the letter in its entirety. In it, Bellario writes that he is ill and cannot come to court, but that he has sent the learned young Balthasar to judge in his stead.
You will answer ‘The slaves are ours.’ So do I answer you.
The pound of flesh which I demand of him
Is dearly bought. ‘Tis mine, and I will have it.

Act IV, scene i, lines 164–396

Summary

. . . Therefore, Jew,
Though justice be thy plea, consider this:
That in the course of justice none of us
Should see salvation. We do pray for mercy,
And that same prayer doth teach us all to render
The deeds of mercy. . . .


Portia enters, disguised as Balthasar. The duke greets her and asks whether she is familiar with the circumstances of the case. Portia answers that she knows the case well, and the duke calls Shylock and Antonio before her. Portia asks Antonio if he admits to owing Shylock money. When Antonio answers yes, Portia concludes that the Jew must be merciful. Shylock asks why he must show mercy, and, in one of the play’s most famous speeches, Portia responds that “[t]he quality of mercy is not strained,” but is a blessing to both those who provide and those who receive it (IV.i.179). Because mercy is an attribute of God, Portia reasons, humans approach the divine when they exercise it. Shylock brushes aside her pretty speech, however, by reiterating his demands for justice and revenge. 

Portia asks whether Antonio is able to pay the money, and Bassanio offers Shylock twice the sum owed. If need be, Bassanio says, he is willing to pay the bond ten times over, or with his own life. Bassanio begs the court to bend the law slightly in order to exonerate Antonio, reasoning that such a small infraction is a little wrong for a great right. Portia replies, however, that the law shall not be broken—the decrees of Venice must stand. Shylock joyfully extols Portia’s wisdom, and gives her the bond for inspection. She looks it over, declares it legal and binding, and bids Shylock to be merciful. Shylock remains deaf to reason, however, and Portia tells Antonio to prepare himself for the knife. She orders Shylock to have a surgeon on hand to prevent the merchant from bleeding to death, but Shylock refuses because the bond stipulates no such safeguard.
Antonio bids Bassanio farewell. He asks his friend not to grieve for him and tells Bassanio that he is happy to sacrifice his life, if only to prove his love. Both Bassanio and Gratiano say that, though they love their wives, they would give them up in order to save Antonio. In a pair of sarcastic asides, Portia and Nerissa mutter that Bassanio’s and Gratiano’s wives are unlikely to appreciate such sentiments. Shylock is on the verge of cutting into Antonio when Portia suddenly reminds him that the bond stipulates a pound of flesh only, and makes no allowances for blood. She urges Shylock to continue collecting his pound of flesh, but reminds him that if a drop of blood is spilled, then he will be guilty of conspiring against the life of a Venetian citizen and all his lands and goods will be confiscated by the state. Stunned, Shylock hastily backpedals, agreeing to accept three times the sum, but Portia is insistent, saying that Shylock must have the pound of flesh or nothing. When Shylock finds out that he cannot even take the original three thousand ducats in place of the pound of flesh, he drops the case, but Portia stops him, reminding him of the penalty that noncitizens face when they threaten the life of a Venetian. In such a case, Portia states, half of Shylock’s property would go to the state, while the other half would go to the offended party—namely, Antonio. Portia orders Shylock to beg for the duke’s mercy.
The duke declares that he will show mercy: he spares Shylock’s life and demands only a fine, rather than half of the Jew’s estate. Shylock claims that they may as well take his life, as it is worthless without his estate. Antonio offers to return his share of Shylock’s estate, on the condition that Shylock convert to Christianity and bequeath all his goods to Jessica and Lorenzo upon his death. Shylock consents and departs, saying simply, “I am not well” (IV.i.392).


Summary: Act IV, scene i, lines 397–453

After Shylock leaves, the duke invites Portia, still in the disguise of a young lawyer, to dinner. Portia declines, saying that she must leave immediately for Padua. As she leaves, the duke tells Antonio to reward the young law clerk, since it was he who saved Antonio’s life. Bassanio thanks Portia, though he does not see through her disguise, and offers her the money he brought with him in order to pay off Shylock. Portia declines the gift and says that having delivered Antonio from Shylock’s clutches is payment enough. Bassanio insists that she take some token from him, and she eventually agrees. Portia asks Antonio for his gloves and Bassanio for his ring, which she herself gave Bassanio on the condition that he never part with it. Bassanio pulls his hand away, calling the ring a trifle and claiming that he will not dishonor the judge by giving him such a lowly gift. Instead, Bassanio offers to find the most valuable ring in Venice, but Portia remains firm, and demands the trifle or nothing. When Bassanio admits that the ring was a gift from his wife, who made him promise never to part with it, Portia claims that the excuse is convenient and used by many men to hold onto possessions they would rather not lose. With that, she takes her leave. Antonio urges Bassanio to let the law clerk have the ring, saying that he should value Antonio’s love and the gentleman’s worth more than his wife’s orders. Bassanio gives in and sends Gratiano to run after Portia and present her with the ring. Antonio and Bassanio then leave for Antonio’s house to plan their trip to Belmont.

Indian Writing in English: Revised University Syllabus BA English (Sem 1)

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